692 FXUS61 KLWX 140053 AFDLWX Area Forecast Discussion National Weather Service Baltimore MD/Washington DC 853 PM EDT Sun Apr 13 2025 .SYNOPSIS... High pressure will be pushed to the southeast tonight while a weak disturbance moves overhead. A strong low pressure system will move across the Great Lakes Monday, with a trailing cold front pushing into the area Monday night. A reinforcing cold front will push through early Wednesday, then high pressure will build toward the area by Thursday. && .NEAR TERM /THROUGH TONIGHT/... Ahead of a low pressure system in the upper Midwest, an axis of warm advection aloft will push into the area later tonight, coincident with a vort max. Mid and high level clouds will quickly increase later this evening. Guidance continues to show very little in the way of measurable precipitation, given largely mid level forcing and moisture. Some showers showing up on regional mosaics across central WV, but don`t think that means they will make it here. Any showers that do try to get going will be battling 15-20 degree dew point depressions at the onset. While just about anywhere could see a brief shower or sprinkle, the highest chance in the mountains and toward the Pennsylvania border. Clouds will have a stabilizing effect on temperatures, with readings in the 40s for most. && .SHORT TERM /MONDAY THROUGH TUESDAY NIGHT/... The low will lift north into the Great Lakes Monday, with a trailing cold front racing across the Ohio Valley, and approaching the Appalachians by evening. The amount of precipitation and saturation that occurs with the weak disturbance tonight could play a role in convective potential later Monday. While most guidance suggest there will be plenty of mixed layer clouds around Monday and the effective warm front may struggle to lift north of the area, some guidance supports the day starting with thicker clouds and more low level saturation across the northern half of the area. This would result in a tighter thermal gradient as well as limit instability to the north. Either way, most of the day should remain dry outside of some upslope showers or drizzle along the Allegheny Front. Convection originating from the Ohio Valley likely won`t reach the forecast area until at least 5 PM, and possibly several hours later. However, once it does, expect fast storm motions moving eastward across the area. There remains considerable spread with the environment and resulting convection east of the mountains during the evening. Height falls, steep mid level lapse rates, and convergence along the warm front (and possibly a developing triple point low) will provide support for at least some showers and thunderstorms continuing eastward despite the initially capped atmosphere, nocturnal cooling, and westerly/downsloping flow component aloft. Hail will be a threat given the steep mid level lapse rates and strong shear. The wind threat may be somewhat dependent on low level stability, but at least some wind damage could occur with any stronger storms given the strong wind fields and fast storm motions. A non-zero tornado threat could be present in the vicinity of the warm front. Heavy rain rates are also possible. Even though individual storms will be fast moving, enhanced totals are possible along the warm front with more organized and prolonged storms possible. The threat for thunderstorms should end between 11 PM and 2 AM, but some showers could linger as the cold front progresses across the area. The strong upper trough digs over the area Tuesday, with the surface pressure gradient tightening in response to the deepening low to our north. Model soundings indicate nearly unidirectional deep westerly flow. This is a favorable setup for strong winds aloft to mix down to the surface, especially in the climo wind favored area along/west of the Blue Ridge and along/north of I-66. Winds could gust around 35-45 mph for most of the area, with 45-55 mph gusts in the mountains Tuesday afternoon. Wind Advisories are possible, with some of the higher-end ensemble guidance pointing to High Wind criteria being met in the higher terrain. Compressional warming brings highs up to the upper 50s and 60s Tuesday afternoon. More clouds than sun can be expected Tuesday with isolated to scattered showers beneath the trough. While the area dries out by Tuesday evening, cold air advection in the mountains results in a transition to snow showers Tuesday night. Upper dynamics look favorable on the backside of the departing upper trough, with northwest winds advecting moisture off the Great Lakes. Snow will be elevation dependent as the atmosphere slowly cools, with generally an inch or less of accumulation most likely. However, the higher ridges could see a few inches if higher precipitation guidance were to verify. East of the mountains, lows range from the mid 30s to mid 40s with gusty winds continuing. && .LONG TERM /WEDNESDAY THROUGH SUNDAY/... Dry conditions and gusty winds are expected on Wednesday in the wake of a cold front departing the area. West winds gust 25 to 35 mph during the day with locally higher gusts along the ridges. Wednesday will be the coolest day of the long term period with high temperatures in the 50s to low 60s (40s in the mountains)for most. Overnight low temperatures fall into the 20s and 30s as winds diminish throughout the night. As surface high pressure builds overhead from the west through Thursday, temperatures gradually warm each day. High temperatures will be in the 60s for most on Thursday with those at higher elevations staying in the 50s. Dry conditions continue through Thursday night with overnight low temperatures dropping into the upper 30s to 40s. Precipitation chances return for the end of the week and into the weekend as a low pressure system approaches from the west. A slight chance to a chance of precipitation is expected both days. Temperatures continue to warm, with highs on Saturday reaching the mid 70s to low 80s. && .AVIATION /01Z MONDAY THROUGH FRIDAY/... Winds have diminished in the last couple of hours, with all TAF sites now AOB 10 knots. A light shower or sprinkle could briefly pass tonight as a mid-level feature pushes through the region, but probabilities still at 20 percent or less at this point. Either way, VFR conditions should continue tonight and Monday. Showers and some embedded thunderstorms are possible Monday evening as a cold front approaches the area. Uncertainty remains high with the severity and coverage of storms as they move east, but strong winds, hail, and brief heavy rain will be possible. The highest chance for storms will be at MRB, lowest at CHO. After showers/storms wane late Monday evening, VFR conditions return Monday night into Tuesday. The main concern for Tuesday is going to be strong west winds that gust to 30-35 knots in the afternoon. Winds remain elevated at 20-25 knots Tuesday night. VFR conditions are expected Wednesday and Thursday as high pressure builds overhead. Gusty W/NW winds are expected on Wednesday with gusts 20 to 30 knots. Winds diminish overnight, with NW gusts around 15 knots expected Thursday morning. Light winds, blowing 5 to 10 knots, Thursday evening through the overnight. && .MARINE... Winds have quickly diminished in the past couple of hours, so SCAs were allowed to expire around 7 PM. Winds remain below SCA criteria through Monday evening. Direction gradually becomes southeasterly then southerly ahead of an approaching frontal boundary. Isolated strong thunderstorms capable of producing wind gusts in excess of 35 knots and hail are possible Monday evening. A cold front moves through Monday night, then strong winds develop behind the front on Tuesday. SCA conditions are likely, with gale conditions possible Tuesday afternoon into Tuesday evening. A Gale Watch has been issued where confidence is currently medium, across parts of the northern bay and upper tidal Potomac. This situation will continue to evolve. Strong gusts could be augmented by showers as well, but confidence is currently low for many showers developing Tuesday afternoon. Winds may lessen slightly Tuesday night, but it`s not out of the question they could remain near gale force. Gusty northwest winds are expected in the wake of a cold front Tuesday, with small craft advisories likely. Winds diminish overnight with small craft advisories possible in the southern portions of the waters through Thursday morning. && .TIDES/COASTAL FLOODING... Annapolis is forecast to reach action stage, and near minor flood stage, during the high tide cycle Monday and Tuesday morning due to southerly winds. Gusty northwest winds are expected in the wake of a cold front on Tuesday, with tidal anomalies expected to fall. && .LWX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... DC...None. MD...Gale Watch from Tuesday morning through Tuesday evening for MDZ008. VA...None. WV...None. MARINE...Gale Watch from Tuesday morning through Tuesday evening for ANZ530-531-535-538. && $$ SYNOPSIS...ADS NEAR TERM...ADS/CJL SHORT TERM...ADS LONG TERM...AVS AVIATION...ADS/AVS/CJL MARINE...ADS/AVS/CJL TIDES/COASTAL FLOODING...AVS