540 FXUS61 KCLE 251750 AFDCLE Area Forecast Discussion National Weather Service Cleveland OH 150 PM EDT Fri Jul 25 2025 .SYNOPSIS... A frontal boundary will waiver across the southern Great Lakes and near the local area through Monday, before pushing south as a cold front on Tuesday. && .NEAR TERM /THROUGH TONIGHT/... Unsettled mid-summer weather continues to end the work week with warm, humid conditions to go along with occasional chances for showers and thunderstorms. In this weakly-forced, weakly- sheared environment confidence in the POP/QPF forecast is on the lower side, with a Marginal Risk for both locally damaging winds and excessive rainfall across parts of the area today. A couple of very weak shortwaves/ripples in the mid-upper level flow will work across the area through this evening. One is moving into Northwest Ohio early this morning and will slowly work east across the area through early-mid afternoon. A slightly stronger shortwave will approach from the west late this afternoon and cross the area this evening into tonight. Another shortwave will begin approaching from the west late tonight towards early Saturday. In general, shower and storm potential will increase along and just ahead of each shortwave with relative mins behind each shortwave. A weak cold front is expected to push southeast off of Lake Erie into Northeast OH and Northwest PA late this morning into this afternoon. This front, along with any outflow boundaries from overnight or early morning showers/storms, will help focus re-development this afternoon into this evening, especially when favorably aligned with weak synoptic lift from the shortwaves. The long story short is that anyone along or south of the front will have at least some potential for showers and storms today and tonight. However, it will not be an all day rain by any stretch. A few showers/storms are ongoing across interior Northeast OH early this morning and should exit east through 7 AM. Showers/storms are ongoing from northern IL east-northeast towards Lake Erie early this morning. Have higher POPs across Northwest OH into this morning given the ongoing activity. This activity may weaken while pushing east across the area this morning, before perking up late morning or early afternoon across far eastern OH and interior northwestern PA before exiting. Have a window of relatively lower POPs behind this activity in subsidence behind the shortwave. Lift returns as the next shortwave approaches from the west late today into this evening. POPs again ramp up along and southwest of the frontal boundary in response, bringing a window of higher POPs back into most of Northwest and North Central OH, east-southeast towards the Canton area into the evening hours. Lowered POPs across Northeast OH and Northwest PA late this afternoon into this evening as the front should be south of that area. Am looking for a relative lull in activity after sunset this evening into early tonight as we lose heating and briefly lose some synoptic support. Low-level warm air advection ramps up tonight ahead of the next shortwave as the front starts lifting back north, so have POPs increasing again from the west- southwest overnight tonight towards early Saturday. Confidence is relatively low given significant model spread in the placement of convection tonight towards early Saturday, so mainly stuck with "chance POPs" (30-50%) for later tonight. Given a front pushing into the area along with more clouds/rain, temperatures will be several degrees cooler than Thursday locally. Highs will generally be in the mid 80s, with some upper 80s possible farther south. With dew points still near or a bit higher than 70, peak heat index values will reach the low to mid 90s (a bit cooler in far Northeast OH/Northwest PA). Lows tonight will range from the upper 60s to low 70s. Locations south of the front that receive some sunshine today should build 1000-1500 J/KG (perhaps locally up to 2000 J/KG per some hi-res models) of MLCAPE this afternoon into this evening, along with modest to moderate DCAPE of 700-1000 J/KG. Low-level lapse rates should be fairly steep, though with warm mid-levels and poor mid-level lapse rates. Shear will be weak, with just enough upper-level flow for 20-25kt of effective deep-layer shear. This environment may support a few stronger pulse cells or loosely organized clusters capable of isolated wind damage, reflected by the SPC Marginal Risk (level 1 of 5) for severe weather across most of the area for this afternoon and evening. The greatest confidence in any isolated severe threat is south and west of a Toledo-Canton line. Precipitable water values in the range of 1.70-2.00", along with flow aloft somewhat paralleling the sagging front, will support impressive rain rates with convection and perhaps a bit of transient training. Locally heavy rainfall (2-3"+) is possible, though coverage should be low and most of the area isn`t currently saturated. Will need to watch for isolated flash flooding, though believe the WPC Marginal Risk for excessive rainfall (level 1 of 4) covers the rather isolated/low-confidence potential well. Any severe threat will wane tonight, though locally heavy rainfall could remain possible with any lingering storms. && .SHORT TERM /SATURDAY THROUGH SUNDAY NIGHT/... Active weather continues into the weekend, though with some relative improvement on Sunday, at least across our northern counties. The potential for isolated severe weather and heavy rain will remain with storms on the warm side of a front that will lift north of the area on Saturday and then return south as a cold front that pushes through on Sunday. Saturday may start somewhat unsettled with the front still lifting across far Northeast OH and Northwest PA in the morning. A relative dry break (with warm and humid conditions) is likely later Saturday morning into the afternoon. There`s decent agreement in a shortwave pushing in from the west Saturday afternoon and evening. This coincides well with peak heating, and expect scattered to numerous thunderstorms to develop just to our west/northwest and spread east-southeast into the area Saturday afternoon and evening. Isolated to scattered convection may also develop overhead Saturday afternoon along any weak boundaries (such as a lake breeze or old outflow boundaries from any morning convection). Have likely to categorical (60-80%) POPs for the entire area at some point Saturday afternoon or evening. Utilized 1-hour POP grids through early Saturday evening to attempt to show some timing resolution. There will be some limitations to an organized severe weather threat on Saturday (such as continued very weak mid-level lapse rates)...however, flow aloft will be somewhat stronger, with 25-35kt of deep-layer shear expected. Moderate to strong instability (1500-2500 J/KG of MLCAPE) should also develop, assuming some heating. Conditions appear conducive to organized convection with primarily a wind damage potential Saturday afternoon and evening, with locally heavy rainfall remaining possible with PWATs still nearing 2.00" across the area. SPC and WPC Marginal Risks cover parts of the area for both severe weather and excessive rainfall. Do think there`s some potential for the severe outlook to trend upwards a bit more. Occasional shower and storm chances continue Saturday night into Sunday ahead of the front that will finally push across the area on Sunday. A trend to drier weather is likely from the north on Sunday. Maintain a shower/storm mention all areas on Sunday, though could see POPs trending towards at least across northern counties depending on the speed of the front. An isolated severe weather/heavy rain risk may again play out Sunday afternoon ahead of the front, though the overall setup seems more questionable than Saturday and may focus to our south anyways. Highs will generally climb into the mid to upper 80s on Saturday assuming a window of heating, with dew points near or better than 70 pushing peak heat index values into the low to mid 90s. There will be little airmass change on Sunday despite the front moving through, leading to another warm and humid day but with values remaining well shy of any heat headline criteria. Overnight lows both Saturday and Sunday nights will generally range from the upper 60s to lower 70s, with mid 70s near downtown Cleveland and up against the Lake Erie shoreline. && .LONG TERM /MONDAY THROUGH THURSDAY/... We get one more push of a very warm air and unpleasant humidity on Monday as this weekend`s front lifts back northeast. A stronger cold front crosses Tuesday into Wednesday as troughing digs into the Northeast and sets up northwest flow across the region. High pressure attempts to build in Wednesday and Thursday as the front settles towards the Ohio Valley, though there is some spread in terms of how effectively that high builds in and how far south the front can push. Expect hot/humid conditions early in the week to give way to much more pleasant, even cooler than normal conditions by Wednesday and Thursday. Heat headlines may be needed for Monday. Shower and storm chances are in the forecast Monday into Monday night, though coverage may not be high as upper ridge to our southwest flexes, pushing better jet support just to our northeast. Some POPs linger into Tuesday, mainly in our southern zones. The forecast reads as dry for Wednesday and Thursday, though will need to watch how far the front ends up pushing. && .AVIATION /18Z Friday THROUGH Wednesday/... Showers and thunderstorms have wained down for the time being and terminals have become VFR and will continue so for the first part of the TAF period. KFDY could see thunderstorms this evening between 21-24Z and winds gusting up to 20 knots and MVFR ceilings. The next round of unsettled weather will be tonight after 01Z as showers will move in across the northern portions of Ohio and dissipating before reaching PA. Ceilings will drop to MVFR during this time. For all terminals besides KCLE, there is the potential for BR tomorrow morning as winds will be fairly light and with the precipitation received today will allow for a moist lower levels dropping visibility down to MVFR. The BR should clear out by the morning and terminals should return to VFR conditions. Another round of thunderstorms are expected tomorrow mid-day through the afternoon, though timing in uncertain so kept a PROB30 group at the end of the period. The storms will be moving from west to east, so those terminals east of KCLE-KMFD line will see the potential after this TAF period. Winds are less than 10 knots, predominately out of the west but varying a little northwesterly to southwesterly at times. Can expect light winds for the majority of the period, and becoming variable overnight tonight. By tomorrow, winds will be out of the south-southwest at 5-10 knots. Outlook...Non-VFR possible each day through the weekend in scattered showers and thunderstorms with a frontal boundary lingering in the area. VFR possible briefly on Monday ahead of a cold front passage Tuesday where non-VFR is possible. && .MARINE... Winds will continue to be out of the west at around 10 knots with waves less than 2 feet across the central and eastern basin, and lower in the western basin. Overnight tonight, winds will become light and variable before being predominately out of the south-southwest by mid-morning tomorrow at less than 10 knots. Waves of less than 2 feet are expected through Saturday. Winds will increase again between 10-15 knots out of the west come Sunday morning and waves building to around 2 feet. Winds and waves will begin to subside Sunday evening into Monday morning and will be southwesterly as a weak frontal boundary lifts north across the lake through Monday. A cold front will sweep across the region through the day Tuesday with winds increasing briefly to 10-15 knots out of the northwest and waves building to around 2 feet. Onshore winds of 10 knots or less are expected afterwards and through the rest of the week && .CLE WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... OH...None. PA...None. MARINE...None. && $$ SYNOPSIS...Sullivan NEAR TERM...Sullivan SHORT TERM...Sullivan LONG TERM...Sullivan AVIATION...23 MARINE...23